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| April 22, 2014 |
 A Star's Early Chemistry Shapes Life-Friendly Atmospheres Moffett Field CA (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - Born in a disc of gas and rubble, planets eventually come together as larger and larger pieces of dust and rock stick together. They may be hundreds of light-years away from us, but astronomers can nevertheless watch these planets as they form. One major point of interest is the chemistry of the rubble that forms around a star before a planetary system is formed, known as the protoplanetar ... more |  |
 NASA's Human Path to Mars Washington DC (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - NASA is developing the capabilities needed to send humans to an asteroid by 2025 and Mars in the 2030s - goals outlined in the bipartisan NASA Authorization Act of 2010 and in the U.S. National Space Policy, also issued in 2010. Mars is a rich destination for scientific discovery and robotic and human exploration as we expand our presence into the solar system. Its formation and evolution ... more |  |
Opportunity Rover Driving Up To Crater Rim Pasadena CA (JPL) Apr 22, 2014 - Opportunity is exploring 'Murray Ridge,' part of the west rim of Endeavour Crater. The near-term plan is to drive up to the crater rim's ridgeline and image the interior of Endeavour. On Sol 3630 (April 10, 204), Opportunity moved 28 feet (8.6 meters) to a local highpoint to catch a dramatic sweeping view into the crater. Over the next few sols, the rover collected a large Panoramic ... more |  |
NASA Rover Opportunity's Selfie Shows Clean Machine Pasadena CA (JPL) Apr 22, 2014 - In its sixth Martian winter, NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity now has cleaner solar arrays than in any Martian winter since its first on the Red Planet, in 2005. Cleaning effects of wind events in March boosted the amount of electricity available for the rover's work. The mission is using the rover's added energy to inspect "Murray Ridge," on the western rim of Endeavour Crater, t ... more |  |
 John C. Houbolt, Unsung Hero of the Apollo Program, Dies at Age 95 Washington DC (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - "In the space race of the 1950s and '60s, the leading voices were rocket scientist Wernher von Braun and ... another guy. Household names included Neil Armstrong, Alan Shepard and ... oh, you know, the fellow who pushed the idea of a separate crew capsule and lunar lander. America wouldn't have won the race, the Eagle wouldn't have landed in 1969 and the Apollo 13 crew would never have survived ... more |  |
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Impact glass stores biodata for millions of years Providence RI (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - Asteroid and comet impacts can cause widespread ecological havoc, killing off plants and animals on regional or even global scales. But new research from Brown University shows that impacts can also preserve the signatures of ancient life at the time of an impact. A research team led by Brown geologist Pete Schultz has found fragments of leaves and preserved organic compounds lodged inside ... more |  |
Planet Kepler 186 is good parallel to Earth, but there is little chance to detect life Moscow (Voice of Russia) Apr 22, 2014 - NASA's astronomers have discovered a planet that resembles Earth like no other planet known until today. This planet is circling a star 500 light-years away from us. The first planet outside our planetary system was discovered 20 years ago. By now with the use of Kepler telescope about 2,000 planets have been discovered. The Voice of Russia has talked to Oleg Korablev, deputy director of S ... more |  |
 Ultra-fast electrical circuits using light-generated tunneling currents Singapore (SPX) Apr 19, 2014 - Assistant Professor Christian A. Nijhuis of the Department of Chemistry at the National University of Singapore's (NUS) Faculty of Science, in collaboration with researchers from the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), namely Dr Bai Ping of the Institute of High Performance Computing and Dr Michel Bosman of the Institute of Materials Research and Engineering has successfully de ... more |  |
 Tiny Step Edges, Big Step for Surface Science Vienna, Austria (SPX) Apr 19, 2014 - Experiments at the Vienna University of Technology can explain the behaviour of electrons at tiny step edges on titanium oxide surfaces. This is important for solar cell technology and novel, more effective catalysts. It can be found in toothpaste, solar cells, and it is useful for chemical catalysts: titanium dioxide (TiO2) is an extremely versatile material. Alhough it is used for so man ... more |  |
Quantum superconductor-metal to glass transition observed Moscow, Russia (SPX) Apr 19, 2014 - The article "Collapse of superconductivity in a hybrid tin-grapheme Josephson junction array'" (authors: Zheng Han, Adrien Allain, Hadi Arjmandi-Tash,Konstantin Tikhonov, Mikhail Feigelman, Benjamin Sacepe,Vincent Bouchiat, published in Nature Physics on March 30, 2014, DOI:10.1038/NPHYS2929) presents the results of the first experimental study of the graphene-based quantum phase transition of t ... more |  |
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 Physicists discover new type of particle using Large Hadron Collider Syracuse, N.Y. (UPI) Apr 15, 2013 - A new and exotic atomic particle - one that doesn't mesh with traditional particle physics models - has been discovered by researchers at Syracuse University. The discovery was made as part of the Large Hadron Collider beauty Collaboration, a multinational research project aimed at finding and studying new quantum forces and particles. Led by researchers from Syracuse, the project is ... more |  |
Progress in the fight against quantum dissipation New Haven CT (SPX) Apr 19, 2014 - Scientists at Yale have confirmed a 50-year-old, previously untested theoretical prediction in physics and improved the energy storage time of a quantum switch by several orders of magnitude. They report their results in the April 17 issue of the journal Nature. High-quality quantum switches are essential for the development of quantum computers and the quantum internet - innovations that ... more |  |
 Improving the human-robot connection Vancouver, Canada (SPX) Apr 19, 2014 - Researchers are programming robots to communicate with people using human-like body language and cues, an important step toward bringing robots into homes. Researchers at the University of British Columbia enlisted the help of a human-friendly robot named Charlie to study the simple task of handing an object to a person. Past research has shown that people have difficulty figuring out when ... more |  |
Majority of Americans doubt the Big Bang theory Washington (UPI) Apr 21, 2013 - In a new national poll on America's scientific acumen, more than half of respondents said they were "not too confident" or "not at all confident" that "the universe began 13.8 billion years ago with a big bang." The poll was conducted by GfK Public Affairs & Corporate Communications. Scientists were apparently dismayed by this news, which arrives only a few weeks after astrophysi ... more |  |
Glasses strong as steel: A fast way to find the best New Haven CT (SPX) Apr 19, 2014 - Scientists at Yale University have devised a dramatically faster way of identifying and characterizing complex alloys known as bulk metallic glasses (BMGs), a versatile type of pliable glass that's stronger than steel. Using traditional methods, it usually takes a full day to identify a single metal alloy appropriate for making BMGs. The new method allows researchers to screen about 3,000 ... more |  |
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 Earthquake simulation tops one quadrillion flops Munich, Germany (SPX) Apr 19, 2014 - A team of computer scientists, mathematicians and geophysicists at Technische Universitaet Muenchen (TUM) and Ludwig-Maximillians Universitaet Muenchen (LMU) have - with the support of the Leibniz Supercomputing Center of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities (LRZ) - optimized the SeisSol earthquake simulation software on the SuperMUC high performance computer at the LRZ to push its pe ... more |  |
 Earliest ancestor of land herbivores discovered Toronto, Canada (SPX) Apr 19, 2014 - New research from the University of Toronto Mississauga demonstrates how carnivores transitioned into herbivores for the first time on land. "The evolution of herbivory was revolutionary to life on land because it meant terrestrial vertebrates could directly access the vast resources provided by terrestrial plants," says paleontologist Robert Reisz, a professor in the Department of Biology. ... more |  |
 Air temperature influenced African glacial movements Hanover NH (SPX) Apr 19, 2014 - Changes in air temperature, not precipitation, drove the expansion and contraction of glaciers in Africa's Rwenzori Mountains at the height of the last ice age, according to a Dartmouth-led study funded by the National Geographic Society and the National Science Foundation. The results - along with a recent Dartmouth-led study that found air temperature also likely influenced the fluctuati ... more |  |
Study provides crucial new information about how the ice ages came about Southampton, UK (SPX) Apr 19, 2014 - An international team of scientists has discovered new relationships between deep-sea temperature and ice-volume changes to provide crucial new information about how the ice ages came about. Researchers from the University of Southampton, the National Oceanography Centre and the Australian National University developed a new method for determining sea-level and deep-sea temperature variabi ... more |  |
 Dynamic atolls give hope that Pacific Islands can defy sea rise Auckland, New Zealand (TCM) Apr 19, 2014 - It is widely predicted that low-lying coral reef islands will drown as a result of sea-level rise, leaving their populations as environmental refugees. But new evidence now suggests that these small islands will be more resilient to sea-level rise than we thought. That is not to say that these tiny nations won't face significant environmental challenges. Built of sand and shingle and lying ... more |  |
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