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| April 22, 2014 |
 Warm US West, cold East: A 4,000-year pattern Salt Lake City UT (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - Last winter's curvy jet stream pattern brought mild temperatures to western North America and harsh cold to the East. A University of Utah-led study shows that pattern became more pronounced 4,000 years ago, and suggests it may worsen as Earth's climate warms. "If this trend continues, it could contribute to more extreme winter weather events in North America, as experienced this year with ... more |  |
 Researchers question emergency water treatment guidelines Washington DC (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) recommendations for treating water after a natural disaster or other emergencies call for more chlorine bleach than is necessary to kill disease-causing pathogens and are often impractical to carry out, a new study has found. The authors of the report, which appears in the ACS journal Environmental Science and Technology, suggest that the agency revi ... more |  |
 Genetic study tackles mystery of slow plant domestications St. Louis MI (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - "The Modern View of Domestication," a special feature of The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) published April 29, raises a number of startling questions about a transition in our deep history that most of us take for granted. At the end of the last Ice Age, people in many spots around the globe shifted from hunting animals and gathering fruits and tubers to cultivating live ... more |  |
Building Better Soybeans for a Hot, Dry, Hungry World Greenbelt MD (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - A new study shows that soybean plants can be redesigned to increase crop yields while requiring less water and helping to offset greenhouse gas warming. The study is the first to demonstrate that a major food crop can be modified to meet multiple goals at the same time. The study, led by Darren Drewry of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., used an advanced vegetation model ... more |  |
The story of animal domestication retold Aberdeen UK (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - Many of our ideas about domestication derive from Charles Darwin, whose ideas in turn were strongly influenced by British animal-breeding practices during the 19th century, a period when landowners vigorously pursued systematic livestock improvement. It is from Darwin that we inherit the ideas that domestication involved isolation of captive animals from wild species and total human contro ... more |  |
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 Five Anthropogenic Factors That Will Radically Alter Northern Forests in 50 Years Columbia MO (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - In the most densely forested and most densely populated quadrant of the United States, forests reflect two centuries of human needs, values and practices. Disturbances associated with those needs, such as logging and clearing forests for agriculture and development, have set the stage for management issues of considerable concern today, a U.S. Forest Service study reports. The report - Fiv ... more |  |
 Building 'Smart' Cell-Based Therapies Chicago IL (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - A Northwestern synthetic biology team has created a new technology for modifying human cells to create programmable therapeutics that could travel the body and selectively target cancer and other sites of disease. Engineering cell-based, biological devices that monitor and modify human physiology is a promising frontier in clinical synthetic biology. However, no existing technology enabled ... more |  |
Study shows lasting effects of drought in rainy eastern US Boston MA (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - This spring, more than 40 percent of the western U.S. is in a drought that the USDA deems "severe" or "exceptional." The same was true in 2013. In 2012, drought even spread to the humid east. It's easy to assume that a 3-year drought is an inconsequential blip on the radar for ecosystems that develop over centuries to millennia. But new research just released in Ecological Monographs shows ... more |  |
 Clean air: Fewer sources for self-cleaning Julich, Germany (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - Up to now, HONO, also known as nitrous acid, was considered one of the most important sources of hydroxyl radicals (OH), which are regarded as the detergent of the atmosphere, allowing the air to clean itself. A research group from Julich has put an end to this conception. The new hypothesis is based on air measurements recorded by a Zeppelin NT within the framework of the EU PEGASOS project. ... more |  |
Food shortages could be most critical world issue by mid-century Washington DC (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - The world is less than 40 years away from a food shortage that will have serious implications for people and governments, according to a top scientist at the U.S. Agency for International Development. "For the first time in human history, food production will be limited on a global scale by the availability of land, water and energy," said Dr. Fred Davies, senior science advisor for the ag ... more |  |
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 Ant colonies help evacuees in disaster zones London, UK (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - An escape route mapping system based on the behavior of ant colonies could give evacuees a better chance of reaching safe harbor after a natural disaster or terrorist attack by building a map of showing the shortest routes to shelters and providing regular updates of current situations such as fires, blocked roads or other damage via the smart phones of emergency workers and those caught up in t ... more |  |
 New tool advances investigations of disease outbreaks Oxford UK (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - To combat disease outbreaks, public health officials often use painstaking fieldwork to try to stay one step ahead of the infectious bugs, linking patients' symptoms to a source of infection to quickly identify the common culprit in related cases. Now, a new field called genomic epidemiology is taking advantage of the rapidly reduced costs of next-generation DNA sequencing to better inform ... more |  |
Significant baseline levels of arsenic found in soil throughout Ohio are due to natural processes Richland WA (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - Geologic and soil processes are to blame for significant baseline levels of arsenic in soil throughout Ohio, according to a study published recently in the Journal of Environmental Quality. The analysis of 842 soil samples from all corners of Ohio showed that every single sample had concentrations higher than the screening level of concern recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection A ... more |  |
Predicting bioavailable cadmium levels in soils Madison WI (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - New Zealand's pastoral landscapes are some of the loveliest in the world, but they also contain a hidden threat. Many of the country's pasture soils have become enriched in cadmium. Grasses take up this toxic heavy metal, which is then eaten by the cattle and sheep that graze them. The problem is not unique to New Zealand; cadmium-enriched soils being reported worldwide. The concern is tha ... more |  |
 Stanford researchers rethink 'natural' habitat for wildlife Stanford CA (SPX) Apr 22, 2014 - Protecting wildlife while feeding a world population predicted to reach 9 billion by 2050 will require a holistic approach to conservation that considers human-altered landscapes such as farmland, according to Stanford researchers. Wildlife and the natural habitat that supports it might be an increasingly scarce commodity in a world where at least three-quarters of the land surface is dire ... more |  |
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President says ferry crew's actions 'tantamount to murder' Jindo , South Korea (AFP) April 21, 2014 - The captain and crew of a South Korean ferry that capsized with hundreds of children on board acted in a way "tantamount to murder," President Park Geun-Hye said Monday, as four more crew members were arrested and the death toll rose to 87. Park's denunciation, in which she vowed to hold all those responsible for the disaster "criminally accountable", followed the release of a transcript sho ... more |  |
Death toll in US landslide rises to 41 Los Angeles (AFP) April 22, 2014 - The death toll from a devastating landslide in the western US state of Washington has risen to 41 with the discovery of two more bodies Monday, officials said. Two more people remain listed as missing in the debris left by the mammoth disaster that swept through the small town of Oso on March 22, the Snohomish County Sheriff's Office said in a statement. The rural town was hit by a rush ... more |  |
Cyclone curtails aerial search for MH370 Perth, Australia (AFP) April 22, 2014 - The aerial search for missing Malaysian Airlines Flight MH370 was suspended Tuesday due to a tropical cyclone, but not before several aircraft had departed on the mission, Australian officials said. Up to 10 military aircraft had been scheduled to fly over the Indian Ocean in hopes of spotting clues as to the fate of the Boeing 777, which vanished on March 8 carrying 239 people. "Planne ... more |  |
 Taiwan sets up sanctuary for endangered humpback dolphin Taipei (AFP) April 21, 2014 - Taiwan is setting up its first marine wildlife sanctuary, in a bid to protect its dwindling population of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin, officials said Monday. Local conservation groups say the dolphin numbers have halved to around 60 in the past decade, due to pollution, industrial development, and destruction of habitat. "Indo-Pacific dolphin population is a key index to measure the h ... more |  |
Tension at Everest base camp over sherpa strike threat Kathmandu April 22, 2014 - Tensions mounted Tuesday at Everest base camp as frustrated mountaineers who have paid tens of thousands of dollars to climb the world's highest peak faced disappointment due to a strike threat by guides. Thirteen sherpa guides were killed and another three are presumed dead after a devastating avalanche last Friday in the most deadly accident ever on the 8,848-metre (29,029-foot) mountain. ... more |  |
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